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Types of Anxiety Disorder Medication The use of medications is a fantastic way to manage anxiety symptoms. Psychiatrists are educated in the use and prescription of medications. They can prescribe the correct medication to minimize side effects. Treatment for anxiety disorders is typically three-pronged: medication, psychotherapy and exercise. SSRIs are the first-choice medication for treating anxiety, but they can take several weeks for them to be effective. SSRIs Most anxiety disorders can be treated with SSRIs. The most recent SSRIs have more favorable adverse effects than tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs). There are a variety of SSRIs have been approved by the FDA to treat generalized anxiety disorder. This includes fluoxetine (aka Prozac), paraxetine, (aka Paxil), and sertraline (aka Zoloft), as and citalopram (aka Celexa). These medications boost serotonin levels in the brain. They may also aid in the increase of norepinephrine and BDNF. They are able to be employed in conjunction with psychotherapy, or by themselves. SSRIs may cause adverse effects, such as stomach and nausea, but these usually improve as the body becomes used to the medication. The precise mechanism behind how SSRIs help with anxiety is not fully understood. It is believed that SSRIs hinder the reuptake serotonin by the post-synaptic neurons and increase the amount of serotonin in the synaptic gaps. This increases the signaling across the synapses and reduces anxiety symptoms. SSRIs can decrease anxiety and the intensity of panic attacks. They also can help with depression and other mental health issues that are often associated with anxiety disorders. They can be incorporated into cognitive behavior therapy or psychotherapy to increase their effectiveness. panic anxiety disorder unlike other antidepressants. However, it is crucial to follow your doctor's instructions exactly. If you suddenly stop taking your medication, it could cause “discontinuation” syndrome and anxiety symptoms to return. If SSRIs do not work for you, then your doctor might suggest an alternative class of antidepressants, like nefazodone or mirtazapine. These drugs can also be effective, but they have a greater risk of adverse effects than the newer SSRIs. SSRIs can interact with certain foods, like eggs, red meat dairy, some vegetables and fruits. It is advised to avoid these foods if you're taking these medications. It is also generally advised to avoid drinking alcohol while taking SSRIs since it may cause some adverse effects. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines boost the calming effect of certain chemicals in the nervous system and brain. They enhance the effects of a neurotransmitter called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which suppresses the nerves' activity. These drugs are effective in treating insomnia, anxiety, and other psychological disorders. However they can be addictive and should only be used for short durations of time under medical supervision. Benzos can be dangerous when taken recreationally or in combination with other substances such as alcohol. It is not uncommon for medications to be the first thing people look for when they're suffering from an anxiety disorder however they're not the only option for treatment. Psychotherapy or talk therapy is also proven to be a way to reduce anxiety disorder symptoms. There are many psychotherapies that can aid and improve your life, but the most well-known and effective is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). This kind of therapy helps you to change your thoughts and behavior so that you are less stressed. The most popular benzodiazepines include alprazolam (Xanax) as well as chlordiazepoxide (Librium) diazepam (Valium), clorazepate (Tranxene) as well as Lorazepam (Ativan) and quazepam (Dalmane). Each has a unique set of side effects, but they all have similar properties pharmacologically. Clorazepate for instance is more effective in treating seizures compared to other benzodiazepines. Lorazepam on the other hand, is superior in treating anxiety disorders as in comparison to quazepam. Although benzodiazepines can be very efficient, they aren't recommended for long-term use as they can lead to physical dependence and tolerance. In addition, they can lead to withdrawal symptoms when you stop taking them suddenly, such as sweating, a heart beating and shaking. The symptoms can be unpleasant and last for several weeks. However they can be slowed down by reducing the medication slowly. Benzodiazepines can be extremely addictive and should be used only for a short period of time – usually no more than 4 weeks. You must monitor your heart rate, blood pressure and your breathing during this time so that you do not have an extremely severe reaction. Speak to your doctor in the event that you are thinking of taking the use of a benzodiazepine. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers are a type of medication that helps to treat anxiety symptoms. These medications prevent adrenaline from binding with beta receptors in your nervous system. This prevents the hormone creating physical reactions, such as heart tremors or palpitations. These medications are typically used to treat high blood pressure and other cardiovascular conditions however, they can also be prescribed for off-label use in the case of anxiety. When you feel anxious your body releases a chemical dubbed Adrenaline. This chemical signals your body to prepare itself for fight or flight. Adrenaline binds with beta receptors in the brain and the heart which causes your heart to beat faster and can trigger other physical reactions. Beta-blockers are a class of medication that treat hypertension and other heart ailments. They are able to block adrenaline's binding. This assists in lowering your heart rate and blood pressure. Beta-blockers work quickly, unlike SSRIs or benzodiazepines, which take weeks or even months to show an improvement in symptoms. They are a great option for those who need immediate relief from the symptoms of anxiety. For instance, people who have to give an address in public or travel in an airplane. In addition, they are a good choice for people who have both anxiety and a chronic heart issue like atherosclerosis or congestive cardiac failure. Beta-blockers may reduce physical symptoms of anxiety but they don't address the underlying causes. They are only prescribed in conjunction with an extensive treatment plan that incorporates lifestyle changes and counseling. However, they can be a useful option for people who have tried other medications for anxiety and do not find them to be effective or cause unacceptable side effects. Propranolol, atenolol, and other beta-blockers are available. Your doctor will determine which beta-blocker is right for you depending on your medical background and current health condition. The use of these medicines can cause adverse effects, like fatigue or low blood pressure and fatigue, so it is crucial to discuss your treatment options with your physician. MAOIs Monoamine Oxase inhibitors (MAOIs) were created in the 1950s as an antidepressant, are effective for a variety of anxiety and depression disorders. However, they aren't commonly used as often as SSRIs or other antidepressants due the need for strict diet restrictions and the risk of drug interactions. Some MAOIs come in tablet form and can be taken orally, whereas others (such Emsam) are applied as a transdermal skin patch. MAOIs block the action of MAO, thereby increasing the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine within the brain. These neurotransmitters play a part in mood, sleep and appetite, as also in sexual function. MAOIs also have anti-anxiety properties. They are more likely than TCAs or SSRIs to trigger side effects and are accompanied by warnings about suicide. In addition to the MAOIs listed below your doctor may prescribe other medications or treatments that can help you manage your symptoms. A beta-blocker, such as propranolol, is usually prescribed to ease physical symptoms associated with anxiety. Your doctor may also suggest an exercise routine or other home remedies to ease your symptoms. The first MAOI, Iproniazid, was discovered during tuberculosis research in 1952. It was quickly discovered that it could be a mood-enhancing drug and is regarded as the first antidepressant drug. Typically, MAOIs are used when other antidepressants don't work, as they may cause serious adverse effects that require immediate medical attention. It can cause a dangerous reaction that can result in high blood pressure if you take an MAOI while eating foods that contain tyramine. Tyramine is found in a variety of cheeses and red meats as well as in fish, shellfish and some dietary supplements. The symptoms of this serious reaction include a throbbing headache, nausea vomiting, as well as a fast heart rate. MAOIs can also interact with other medications and can result in severe side effects such as suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Before prescribing MAOIs to you, your doctor will talk with you about the foods you should avoid. They will instruct you to avoid eating any food items that contain tyramine when you are taking the medication. The doctor will also provide the list of foods that are safe to eat when taking MAOIs. This food guide will help you stay clear of MAOI-related side effects.